Bron:
http://home.att.net/~jroal/blown.htm
There are 2 basic types of superchargers used in kits today, centrifugal and positive displacement. Centrifugal superchargers build boost relative to engine RPM. The higher the RPM, the more boost they build. Most of the 6psi to 9psi centrifugal kits don't build any measurable boost until about 3,000 RPM. The higher pressure kits will start to build boost at lower engine speeds. Higher pressure, intercooled, centrifugal superchargers work OK in full race applications on an engine with a high RPM powerband and a drivetrain that keeps the rpms high.. The street kits can be quite disappointing. There are good reasons that very few professional race teams in only a few types of races select centrifugal blowers. I don't know of any major manufacturer using a centrifugal blower today. Back in the 1940's they were used much more. They are certainly better than no blower and they will give you the peak power gains. For a daily driver, they boost is never there whan you want it. You have to rev the heck out of the engine before you get to enjoy boost.
There are 2 types of positive displacement superchargers used in kits today. The older and more common type is the Roots. This uses 2 counter rotating lobed rotors to force air into the engine. The 2 rotors are either identical or mirror images of each other. The other type is a Lysholm, or screw type. They use 2 counter rotating rotors much like those in a Roots except the 2 rotors are different than each other and the lobes are twisted from one end to the other (like a screw). One is male and the other female. Both of these superchargers types (Roots and Lysholm) act much alike as far as boost characteristics. Both force air from the inlet to the outlet in a positive way, not just from centrifugal force. These superchargers build boost right off idle and keep that boost all the way through the RPM range. They will give you large torque gains and you will get these gains throughout the RPM range. These kits are great for daily drivers and tow vehicles, as well as race applications. In fact, top fuel dragsters use Roots or Lysholm blowers. Historically, more supercharged race applications use Roots blowers than any other type. Ford, GM, Mercedes, Aston Martin, and Jaguar all chose Roots or screw blowers for their OE applications as well. As you can probably tell by now, my personal preference is a positive displacement supercharger. Eaton makes the best Roots supercharger for late model applications and kits. See my Superchargers page for Eaton based kits. Eaton Roots blowers are about 60% adiabatic efficiency. Holley also makes Roots type blowers for street and race applications. Most other Roots type blowers out there are from Detroit Diesel, or a copy thereof. The old Detroit based blowers are usually less than 50% efficient. Autorotor makes Lysholm style superchargers used in Kenne Bell and older Whipple kits. Eaton began making Lysholm (screw) blowers and Whipple is now the distributor for those blowers to the aftermarket. The Lysholm blower is more efficient under higher boost than the Roots. This results in lower exit air temperatures, less back-work, more net engine power, and less ping. However, they will typically draw a little more power that a Roots when not in boost assuming both types incorporated a bypass valve in the system. A bypass valve should always be used with any positive displacement supercharger for street applications.